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Thoughts on Terraform state management, infrastructure parallelism, and building better developer tools.

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All Terraform 204 Infrastructure 142 GitHub 70 Security 53 DevOps 46 State Management 36 GitOps 34 OpenTofu 31 CI/CD 25 Automation 20 Policy 20 Infrastructure As Code 19 Open Source 18 AWS 16

Terraform's unit of work is too large

A real benchmark on an 800 MB Terraform state file: a no-op that took nearly 3 hours versus 97 seconds. The architectural argument behind the result.

Terraform Performance Infrastructure

Why Is Terraform So Slow? Root Causes and Fixes

Why is Terraform so slow in plan and apply? Learn the real causes of Terraform slowness, the quick fixes that help, and the architectural fix.

Terraform Performance State Management

Engineering Log: Stategraph Velocity launch day

Stategraph Velocity launched with fast plan and apply, parallel execution, and multi-state transactions. See the demo and why this changes Terraform workflows.

Demo Infrastructure Velocity Stategraph Velocity

Announcing Stategraph Velocity: Terraform plans in seconds, not minutes

Stategraph Velocity is fast plan and apply for Terraform or OpenTofu, built by replacing the flat state file with a database-backed dependency graph.

Stategraph Terraform OpenTofu

Terraform Automation: From CI/CD to State Locking

Learn how to automate Terraform deployments with CI/CD pipelines, the right tooling, and smarter state management for faster, more reliable infrastructure.

Terraform Automation CI/CD

What Are Ephemeral Environments? A Practical Guide

What ephemeral environments are, how they improve testing workflows, and how to implement them in Kubernetes to speed up deployments and reduce costs.

CI/CD Kubernetes Infrastructure

Parallel execution: Faster tests and faster Terraform

Parallel execution cuts test suite time and removes Terraform lock waiting. Learn safe patterns and how Stategraph runs independent changes in parallel.

Testing Terraform Infrastructure

OpenTofu: The Open Source Infrastructure as Code Tool Your Team Actually Owns

Learn what OpenTofu is, how it compares to Terraform, installation methods, key features like state encryption, and how to migrate your infrastructure code.

OpenTofu Terraform Open Source

Yes, Terraform has a graph. That's not the point.

Terraform already walks a DAG during apply. But in-run parallelism isn't the bottleneck. The graph is ephemeral, not infrastructure.

Terraform State Management Distributed Systems

Terragrunt is dead: Multi-state transactions killed run-all

Terragrunt exists because Terraform can't handle cross-state dependencies. Multi-state transactions execute them atomically. No run-all needed.

Terraform Stategraph Velocity State Management

Terraform vs. CloudFormation: How to choose the right IaC tool

Terraform vs. CloudFormation explained with real operational trade-offs, state, drift, portability, workflows, governance, and when to use both together.

Terraform CloudFormation AWS

GitOps workflows: How they work, what you need, and how to start

Learn what a GitOps workflow is, with a clear GitOps workflow diagram, the key components, and the tools teams use to ship changes safely and repeatably.

GitOps Kubernetes CI/CD